ChinaFormally attributedActiveMITRE G0096

APT41

Coverage omission — Eastern

APT41 is a threat group that researchers have assessed as Chinese state-sponsored espionage group that also conducts financially-motivated operations. Active since at least 2012, APT41 has been observed targeting various industries, including but not limited to healthcare, telecom, technology, finance, education, retail and video game industries in 14 countries. Notable behaviors include using a wide range of malware and tools to complete mission objectives. APT41 overlaps at least partially with public reporting on groups including BARIUM and Winnti Group.

Attribution signal

?Score = mentions × confidence weight, summed across all attributed sources. Higher source diversity increases the score.≥ 10 High≥ 3 Moderate< 3 Low
4.5
Moderate signal strength
Mentions6
Sources4
High conf.4
Last seenJun 2026
First observed
2019-09-23
Last active
Active
Origin
China — attributed by US DOJ to individuals affiliated with Chinese state security
Aliases
10
Techniques
82
Campaigns
7
China — attributed by US DOJ to individuals affiliated with Chinese state securityhigh confidence
TargetsTechnologyHealthcareTelecommunicationsGaming
RegionsUsEuApacIn

Attribution signals

6 mentions · 4 sources
#1assessed with medium-to-high confidence as attributable tohigh
MalwareInfrastructure
jpcert-blog
May 2026

"the activity was assessed with medium-to-high confidence as attributable to Earth Krahang."

Campaign: PONDSNAKE
#2targetedhigh
Victimology
dark-reading
Jun 2026

"China-linked Earth Krahang, for example, targeted Mexico, Brazil, and Paraguay in 2024"

#3used byhigh
Malware
xforce
Jun 2026

"Spyder Backdoor Used by Winnti Threat Group"

#4has incorporatedhigh
TTP match
security-affairs
Jun 2026

"Since at least September 2025, Earth Dahu has also incorporated CVE-2025-8088 into its operations"

#5also used bymoderate
Malware
cisco-talos
May 2026

"Draculoader: A generic shellcode loader deployed by UAT-8302, also used by the Earth Estries and Earth Naga APT groups who have histories of targeting government agencies in Southeast Asia and elsewhere."

#6Russia-linkedmoderate
InfrastructureTTP matchMalware
security-affairs
Jun 2026

"two separate Russia-linked APT groups, Earth Dahu (aka Gamaredon) and SHADOW-EARTH-066 (UAC-0226), are still actively building new exploit samples and delivering fresh lure documents through it"

Hedge terms observed

also used byassessed with medium-to-high confidence as attributable tohas incorporatedRussia-linkedtargetedused by